Review of Proxy Vector Autoregressive Analysis

Authors

  • Martin Bruns University of East Anglia Author
  • Helmut Lütkepohl Freie Universität Berlin, DIW Berlin Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21627/crv7mx92

Keywords:

instruments, Vector autoregressive models, structural VAR analysis, proxies

Abstract

In structural vector autoregressive analysis, it has become quite popular to identify some structural shocks of interest by external instruments or proxies. This study points out a variety of areas where such proxies have been used and sketches the way the proxies have been constructed. It reviews identification and estimation methods that have been considered in this context. Moreover, it points out some features, such as heteroskedasticity, nonfundamentalness of the shocks, and violations of the standard assumptions for proxies that might result in complications.

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Published

04/16/2026

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Review of Proxy Vector Autoregressive Analysis. (2026). Reviews of Economic Literature, 1. https://doi.org/10.21627/crv7mx92